Women's Hats and Their Evolution From the 1700 to 1800s

Women's hats underwent significant evolution during the 18th and 19th centuries, reflecting changes in fashion, societal norms, and technological advancements. Here's a brief overview of some of the key styles and trends during that time period:

1. Early 18th Century (1700-1730s):
• Fontange: This was a high headdress popular in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, characterized by a framework of wire or whalebone supporting lace, ribbons, and other decorations. Fontanges were often worn with a wide-brimmed hat, creating an extravagant and elaborate look.
2. Mid to Late 18th Century (1740s-1790s):
• Calash: The calash was a collapsible bonnet worn by women in the 18th century. Made of flexible strips of wood or whalebone covered with fabric, the calash could be expanded to protect the wearer's hair and face from the elements, or collapsed for easier storage.
• Bergère: Inspired by rural shepherdess hats, the bergère featured a wide, flat brim often decorated with flowers, ribbons, and feathers. It was a popular style during the mid-18th century and was worn for both formal and informal occasions.
3. Late 18th to Early 19th Century (1790s-early 1800s):
• Poke Bonnet: The poke bonnet had a small crown and an elongated brim that projected forward, framing the face. It was often tied under the chin with ribbons and became fashionable in the late 18th century and early 19th century.
• Gainsborough Hat: Named after the artist Thomas Gainsborough, these hats featured large, wide brims and were often adorned with elaborate ribbons, feathers, and flowers. They were popular during the late 18th century and early 19th century, especially for outdoor events and formal occasions.
4. Late 18th to Early 19th Century (Regency Period - early 1800s):
• Turban: Influenced by exoticism and Orientalism, turbans became fashionable headwear for women during the early 19th century. These were often made of fabric wrapped around a structured base, with embellishments such as jewels or feathers.
• Spencer Hat: The Spencer hat was a small, close-fitting hat often adorned with feathers or flowers. It complemented the high-waisted, Empire-style dresses popular during the Regency era.

Throughout these centuries, hats were not only fashion statements but also served practical purposes, such as providing protection from the sun or cold weather. Additionally, they were often used to convey social status, with more elaborate and extravagant hats indicating wealth and status.